Utilization of Carica papaya peels as a substrate for single–cell protein production by selected Aspergillus species
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Abstract
The results demonstrated a significant increase in crude protein content based on proximate analysis, the C. papaya peels inoculated with baker’s yeast, had the highest increase of 56.57%, followed by the C. papaya peels inoculated with A. oryzae with 46.37% and C. papaya peels inoculated with A. niger with 19.31%. Meanwhile, C. papaya peels inoculated with A. flavus, and uninoculated C. papaya peels yielded the lowest crude protein content (CPC) with 14.17% and 0.00%, respectively. Even though the fungal inoculants did not surpass the ability of baker’s yeast, they still gave a comparable result indicating their ability to produce high amount of protein which can be a low-cost alternative to using baker’s yeast. Moreover, the significant increase in moisture, ash, fat and fiber content indicates the suitability of the fungal inoculants for SCP production. The findings highlighted the ability of these fungal inoculants to improve the nutritional profile of C. papaya peels, suggesting their potential as cost-effective alternatives for conventionally expensive protein sources. This approach offers a sustainable method for protein production and contributes to waste valorization, supporting environmental sustainability.
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