การพัฒนาวัสดุชีวภาพเลียนแบบรากหญ้าทะเลเคลือบด้วยสารเร่งปฏิกิริยาทางแสงสำหรับการตรึงคาร์บอนในระบบนิเวศทางทะเล

Kanyapak Maunmee; Rujiranan Leesuksam; Pornpan  Chomwong; Saythan  Saleephol

Authors

Kanyapak Maunmee Princess Chulabhorn Science High School Suphan Buri, Song Phi Nong, Suphan Buri 72110, Thailand
Rujiranan Leesuksam Princess Chulabhorn Science High School Suphan Buri, Song Phi Nong, Suphan Buri 72110, Thailand
Pornpan Chomwong Princess Chulabhorn Science High School Suphan Buri, Song Phi Nong, Suphan Buri 72110, Thailand
Saythan Saleephol Princess Chulabhorn Science High School Suphan Buri, Song Phi Nong, Suphan Buri 72110, Thailand

Keywords:

Mycelium , Ocean acidification , Photocatalyst, Calcium carbonate , Biomaterial

Abstract

The increasing concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere due to human activities has led to significant absorption of CO₂ by the oceans. Although this process helps mitigate global warming, it results in ocean acidification, which adversely affects marine organisms that rely on calcium carbonate structures, such as mollusks, corals, and shell-forming marine species. It also impacts seagrass ecosystems, which play a crucial role in carbon sequestration. This study aims to develop a biomaterial derived from mycelium that mimics the root structure of seagrass, and to investigate the efficiency of photocatalysts in converting dissolved carbon dioxide into calcium carbonate, with the goal of mitigating the effects of ocean acidification. The biomaterial was fabricated by cultivating mycelium on rice straw combined with ground seashells to form a porous structure resembling seagrass roots. The resulting base material was then integrated with photocatalysts, including CaO, CaO/TiO₂ composites, and CaO/TiO₂-ZnO composites. Experiments were conducted in both de-ionized water and simulated seawater systems supplemented with a carbon dioxide source and activated under ultraviolet (UV) light. The efficiency of CO₂ conversion was evaluated through functional group analysis using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR). The results demonstrated that the mycelium successfully grew and effectively bound to both rice straw and seashell particles. Smaller straw particle size and an optimal straw-to-shell ratio contributed to a stronger and more uniform material structure. Regarding photocatalytic performance, calcium oxide was found to effectively convert CO₂ into carbonate compounds. Furthermore, its combination with titanium dioxide and zinc oxide significantly enhanced the conversion efficiency, particularly in the simulated seawater system, where distinct carbonate functional group signals were observed in the FT-IR analysis.

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